Fourth Century Christianity

The tables below are reproductions of the charts found in chapter V of The New Empire of Diocletian and Constantine (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1982) by T.D. Barnes. Minor stylistic changes have been made to improve consistency.

The tables below are adapted and reproduced with permission from T.D. Barnes, The New Empire of Diocletian and Constantine (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1982).

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Principal Residences

Year	Location
306–316	Trier, and perhaps Arles
316/7	On campaign
317–324	Sirmium, Serdica, and perhaps Thessalonica
324–330	Nicomedia?
330–337	Constantinople

Attested Movements

Date	Event	Source
306, July 25	Proclaimed emperor at York	CIL 1, pp. 268, 269; Chr. Min. 1.231; Socrates, HE 1.2.1 (day); Eutropius, Brev. 10.1.3; Jerome, Chronicle 228 (place)
306, autumn, or 307 early	Campaign against the Franci	Pan. Lat. 7(6).4.2; 6(7).10.2 ff.; 4(10).16.5 ff.; Tables 6–8
307?, Mar. 1	At Beauvais	CTh 7.20.2 = CJ 12.46.1 (emended)
307	Visits Britain	RIC 6.129, Londinium 82 (ADVENTUS AUGG, with obverse FL VAL CONSTANTINUS NOB C)
307, c. Sept.	Marriage to Fausta and investiture as Augustus by maximian, presumably at Trier	Pan. Lat. 7(6); Lactantius, Mort. Pers. 27.1; RIC 6.205–206, 213, Treveri 639–641, 744–746
308	Raids the territory of the Bructeri and builds bridge over the Rhine at Cologne	Pan. Lat. 6(7).12.1 ff.; 4(10).18.1 ff.; Tables 6–8
310, summer	On campaign against the Franci	Pan. Lat. 6(7).18.1 ff.; Lactantius, Mort. Pers. 29.3
310, c. July	Marches south to Massilia on receiving news of Maximian’s usurpation	Pan. Lat. 6(7).18.1 ff.; Lactantius Mort. Pers. 29.7
310, August	At Trier	Pan. Lat. 6(7)
310?, late	Visits Britain	RIC 6.134–135, Londinium 133–145 (ADVENTUS AUG(G) N(N))
311, spring?	Visits Autun	Pan. Lat. 5(8).7.2 ff.; 9.1 ff.
311, July 25	At Trier	Pan. Lat. 5(8)
312	Invasion of Italy and campaign against Maxentius’ forces in norther Italy	Pan. Lat. 12(9).5.1 ff.
312, Oct. 28	Battle of the Milvian Bridge	CIL 1, p. 274
312, Oct. 29	Enters Rome	CIL 1, p. 274; Pan. Lat. 12(9).16.2, 19.1 ff.
312, Oct. 29–313, Jan.	In Rome	Pan. Lat. 12(9).19–20; 4(10).33.6 (bimestris fere cura); CTh 10.10.2 (Dec. 1), 15.14.3 (Jan. 6)
313, early Feb.	Marries his sister to Licinius at Milan	Lactantius, Mort. Pers. 45.1, 48.2; Eusebius, HE 10.5.4; Origo 13 (place); Theomnestus, Hippiatrica Berolinensia 34.12 (date); RIC 6.296, Ticinum 111 (FELIX ADVENTUS AUGG NN)
313, Feb. 16	At Sirmio	CTh 7.22.1
313, Mar. 10	At Milan	CTh 10.8.1
313, spring	Goes to Gaul	Origo 13
313, May 28–June 16	At Trier	Frag. Vat. 291; CJ 11.62.1
313, summer	Goes to the lower Rhine	Pan. Lat. 12(9).21.5
313, July 1	At Cologne	CTh 11.3.1
313, Aug. 3	At Trier	CTh 1.16.1
313, c. Aug.	At Trier	Pan. Lat. 12(9)
313	Visit to Britain?	RIC 7.97–98, London 1, 2, 21 (ADVENTUS AUG N)
313, Nov. 3–314, June 1	At Trier	CTh 9.40.1, 11.30.2, 11.36.1 (Nov. 3), 1.12.1, 1.12.3, 8.10.1, 10.15.1, 11.1.2, 11.7.1 (Nov. 8: some emended by Seeck), 11.29.1, 11.30.1 (Dec. 27); CJ 7.32.10 (314, Jan. 22); CTh 3.30.1 (Mar. 26), 11.30.4, 13.5.2, 13.5.3 (June 1: all partly emended by Seeck)
314, Aug. 1	Present at the Council of Arles	Eusebius, VC 1.44; Optatus, App. 4, p. 208.16 Ziwsa (presence); HE 10.5.23 (date)
314, autumn	German campaign	Eusebius, VC 1.46; RIC 7.124, 163–164; 166–167; 362–364; Table 8
314?	Supervises the building of a fort on the east bank of the Rhine	ILS 8937
314, Oct. 29–315, Apr. 28	At Trier	CTh 6.35.1 (Oct. 29); 1.2.1 (Dec. 30); RIC 7.164, Trier 12 (FELIX PROCESSUS COS IIII AUG N); Optatus, App. 8 (Apr. 28, year not stated)
315, June 2	At Sirmio?	CTh 2.30.1 (emended)
315, July 18	At Aqua Viva	CTh 8.18.1
315, July 21 (or 18)	Enters Rome	CIL 1, p. 268
315, July 21–Sept. 27	In Rome	Frag. Vat. 33, 274 (Aug. 13); CTh 11.30.3, 1.2.2 (Aug. 25, 29), 10.1.1 (Sept. 13)
315, Sept. 27	Leaves Rome	CIL 1, p. 272
315, Oct. 19	At Milan	Frag. Vat. 273 (Oct. 19, in either 313 or 315); Augustine, Epp. 43.7.20 (place, but not exact date)
316, Jan. 11	At Trier	CTh 1.22.1
316, Mar. 21	At Cabillunum (Châlons-sur-Saône)	CTh 9.40.2
316, May 6	At Vienne	CTh 2.6.1
316, Aug. 7	Presumably at Arles when his son Constantinus was born there	Epitome 41.4; Zosimus 2.20.2; CIL 1, p. 271
316, Aug. 13	At Arles	CTh 11.30.5, 11.30.6
316?, Sept. 29	At Verona	Frag. Vat. 290 (the year is missing in the ms.)
316, Oct. 8	At the battle of Ciballae	Origo 16; Chr. Min. 1.231 (year wrongly given as 314)
316, Dec. 4	At Serdica	CTh 9.1.1
316, Dec. 8	At Serdica?	CJ 1.13.1 (emended)
c. 316, Dec.	At Philippi	Origo 17
c. 317, Jan.	Fights at the battle of the Campus Ardiensis, then advances toward Byzantium	Origo 17–18
317, Feb.	Returns to Serdica	Origo 19
317, Mar. 1–Apr. 17	At Serdica	Chr. Min. 1.232; Origo 19; CTh 8.12.2, 9.10.1
317, June 6–Aug. 7	At Sirmium	CTh 11.30.7; Julian, Orat. 1, 5d
317?, Dec. 27	At Thessalonica	CJ 6.1.4 (emended)
318?, Jan. 23	At Sirmium	CTh 6.22.1 (emended)
318, Feb. 7–9	At Sirmium	CJ 3.11.3, 3.11.4
318, May 23–July 30	At Aquileia	CTh 9.16.3, 11.30.9 (June 22), 12.1.6 (July 1), 7.22.2, cf. RIC 7.396, Aquileia 27 (ADVENTUS AUGUSTI N)
318, Sept. 7	At Milan	CTh 8.18.2
318, Oct. 12	At Aquileia	CTh 3.17.1
318, Oct. 24–319, Apr. 13	At Sirmium	CTh 1.16.3, 2.6.2 (Oct. 24), 5.2.1 (Dec. 1), 14.25.1 (Dec. 12); 2.6.3, ?11.35.1 (Dec. 19), 2.4.1 (319, Feb. 4), 11.29.2 (Feb. 10), 10.8.2 (Mar. 11), 2.19.1 (Apr. 13)
319, July 25	At Naissus	CTh 2.15.1; 2.16.2
319?, Aug. 18	At Serdica	CTh 5.10.1
319?, Sept. 29	At Serdica	CTh 12.1.16
319, Nov. 1–320, May 19	At Serdica	CTh 2.10.1, 2.10.2 (Nov. 1), 9.37.1 (Nov. 26), 2.22.1; CJ 6.7.2 (320, Jan. 30); CTh 3.2.1, 4.12.3, 8.16.1, 11.7.3; CJ 6.23.15, 6.37.21 (Jan. 31); CTh 10.1.4 (May 19)
320, May 22–Aug. 10	At Sirmium	CTh 9.1.5 (May 22), 15.1.4 (July 22), 7.21.1 (Aug. 10)
320, Dec. 17–31	At Serdica	CTh 16.10.1, 9.3.1
321, Feb. 6–27	At Serdica	CTh 2.19.2, 9.42.1
321, Apr. 17	At Sirmium	CTh 11.19.1
321, May 21	At Viminacium	CJ 8.10.6
321, June 12–Sept. 14	At Sirmium	CTh 2.18.1, 11.30.11 (June 12), 13.13.1 (Aug. 1), 1.4.1, 9.43.1 (Sept. 14)
322?, Apr. 11	At Sirmium	CTh 15.1.2 (emended: 321 mss.)
322, May 23–July 20	At Sirmium	CTh 2.4.2, 2.18.2 (May 23), 4.8.4 (June 12), 4.8.3 (July 20)
322, Dec. 18	At Serdica	CTh 3.32.1
323 Feb. 15 or May 18	At Thessalonica	CTh 4.8.6 = CJ 8.46.10
323, spring	At Thessalonica when Roman territory is invaded	Origo 21, cf. CTh 7.1.1, 7.12.1 (Apr. 28)
323, summer	Campaign against the Sarmatians: successively at Campona, Margus, and Bononia	Publilius Optatianus Porfyrius, Carm. 6.16 ff. (places); RIC 7.115, 135, 201/2, 262, 475 (SARMATIA DEVICTA); Zosimus 2.21; Petrus Patricius, Excerpta Vaticana 187
323, Dec. 25	At Sirmium	CTh 16.2.5
324 (or 321), Jan. 19	At Sirmium	CTh 12.17.1 (emended)
324, Mar. 8–Apr. 9	At Thessalonica	CTh 13.5.4; 2.17.1
324, spring–summer	Prepares and begins the campaign against Licinius from Thessalonica	Zosimus 2.22.1 ff.
324, July 3	Battle of Adrianople	CTh 7.20.1; CIL 1, p. 268; Chr. Min. 1.232
324, July?–Sept.?	Siege of Byzantium	Origo 27; Zosimus 2.23.1, 25.1
324, Sept. 18	Battle of Chrysopolis	CIL 1, p. 272; Origo 27; Chr. Min. 1.232; Socrates, HE 1.4.2; Zosimus 2.26.3
324, Sept. 19	Receives the surrender of Licinius at Nicomedia	Praxagoras, FGrH 219 = Photius, Bibliotheca 62; Origo 28; Zosimus 2.28.1
324, Nov. 8	Founds Constantinople and proclaims Constantius Caesar	Themistius, Orat. 4, p. 63a Dindorf; CIL 1, p. 276; Chr. Min. 1.232
c. 324, Dec.	Visits Antioch	RIC 7.685, Antioch 48 (ADVENTUS AUGUSTI N); Constantine, Opitz, Urkunde 17.15 = Eusebius, VC 2.72; Malalas 318 Bonn
325, Feb. 25	At Nicomedia	CTh 1.15.1
325, May 23–late June	At Nicaea	CTh 1.2.5 (May 23); Eusebius, VC 3.10–14, cf. Schwartz, Ges. Schr. 3.79–82 (on and before June 19); Opitz, Urkunden 23.2, 25.2, 26.1, 27.13 (before and after June 19)
325, July 25–c. Sept. 15	At Nicomedia	Jerome, Chronicle 231 (July 25); CTh 12.5.1 (July 30), 9.1.4 (shortly before Sept. 17)
325, Sept. 17	At Nassete (between Nicomedia and Chalcedon)	CTh 11.39.1
325, Oct. 13	At Constantinople	CTh 7.20.3
325, Oct. 19	At Aquae	CTh 7.4.1
326, Feb. 3	At Heraclea	CTh 9.3.2, 9.7.1
326, Mar. 5	At Heraclea	CTh 10.4.1
326, Mar. 8	At Constantinople	CTh 2.10.4
326, Apr. 1–4	At Aquileia	CTh 9.24.1, 9.8.1
326, July 6	At Milan	CTh 9.21.3
326, July 18 (or 21)–Aug. 3	In Rome	CIL 1, p. 268; Jerome, Chronicle 231; Chr. Min. 1.232 (July 25); CTh 10.8.3 (Aug. 3)
326, Sept. 25	At Spoletium	CTh 16.5.2
326, Oct. 23	At Milan	CTh 4.22.1
326?, Nov. 22	At Aquileia	CJ 2.19(20).11 (emended)
326, Dec. 31	At Sirmium	CJ 10.1.7
327, Feb. 27	At Thessalonica	CTh 11.3.2
327, June 11	At Constantinople	CTh 2.24.2
327, July 30	At Nicomedia	CTh 12.5.1
327, Dec./328, Jan.	Attends church council at Nicomedia	Opitz, Urkunde 31 (council); Eusebius, VC 3.23 (Constantine present); Philostorgius, HE 2.7, 7 (date and place); Opitz, Urkunde 29 + Athanasius, Apol. Sec. 59.5 (date)
328?, Jan. 7	Refounds Drepanum in Bithynia as Helenopolis	Chr. Pasch. 527
328, Mar. 1	At Nicomedia	CTh 14.24.1
328, May 18	At Serdica	CTh 11.7.4
328, July 5	At Oescus	CTh 6.35.5
328, Sept. 27	At Trier	CTh 1.4.2
328/9	Campaign on the Rhine	Table 8
328, Dec. 29	At Trier	CTh 1.16.4, 7.20.5
329, Mar. 9–Apr. 18	At Sirmium	CTh 6.4.1 (Mar. 9), 2.16.1, 3.30.3; CJ 5.72.4 (Mar. 15), CTh 9.12.2 (Apr. 18)
329, May 13	At Naissus	CTh 11.27.1
329, May 29–June 19	At Serdica	CTh 9.9.1, 11.30.18
329, Aug. 3	At Heraclea	CTh 11.30.13
329, Oct. 18	At Bergule	CTh 16.8.1 (emended)
329, Oct. 25	At Heraclea	CTh 12.1.17
330, Feb. 5	At Serdica	CTh 16.2.7; Optatus, App. 10
330, Feb. 22	At Bessapara	CTh 2.26.1
330, spring	Goes to Constantinople	RIC 7.576, Constantinople 41 (ADVENTUS AUGUSTI N)
330, May 11	Formal dedication of Constantinople	Chr. Min. 1.233, 643; Scriptores originum Constantinopolitanarum pp. 18, 143 Preger
330, July 16–331, June 30	At Constantinople	Frag. Vat. 248 (July 16); CTh 16.8.2 (Nov. 29), 16.8.4 (Dec. 1), 5.9.1 (331, Apr. 17); MAMA 7.305, col. 3.1 ff. (June 30)
331?	Visits Nicomedia	RIC 7.626, Nicomedia 160 (ADVENTUS AUG N)
331, Nov. 1	At Constantinople	CTh 1.16.6, 1.16.7
331, c. Nov. 1–332, Jan.	Tries Athanasius at Psamathia (a suburb of Nicomedia)	Athanasius, Apol Sec. 60.4, 65.4 (place); Festal Letter 4.5 (date); Socrates, HE 1.27.10
332, Apr. 12	At Marcianopolis	CTh 3.5.4, 3.5.5
332, Apr. 20	Victory over the Goths	Origo 31; Jerome, Chronicle 233; Chr. Min. 1.234; Table 8; RIC 7.333, Rome 306 (VICTORIA GOTHICA)
332, Oct. 17–333, May 5	At Constantinople	CJ 6.1.6 (Oct. 17); CTh 4.8.8 (Oct. 26), 3.30.5 (333, Apr. 18), 8.12.5 (May 4); Const. Sirm. 1 (May 5)
332, late Oct.–Nov. 11	At Aquae	CTh 1.32.1, 1.2.6
334	At Nicomedia	CJ 6.21.15 (wrongly dated III id. Aug.)
334, June 17	At Constantinople	CTh 1.22.2
334, July 5	At Singidunum	CTh 10.15.2
334, Aug. 4	At Viminacium	CTh 12.1.21
334, Aug. 25	At Naissus	CTh 11.39.3
334	Campaign against the Sarmatians	Chr. Min. 1.234; Table 8
335, Mar. 22–Oct. 21	At Constantinople	CTh 10.10.3 (Mar. 22); 8.9.1 (Apr. 17); 11.16.6 (May 7); Chr. Min. 1.235 (July 25); CTh 16.8.5, 16.9.1 = Const. Sirm. 4 (Oct. 21)
335, Oct. 23	At Nicopolis	CJ 1.40.4
335, Nov. 6	Returns to Constantinople	Gelasius, HE 3.18.4; Festal Index 8
335, after Nov. 7	In Constantinople	Eusebius, VC 4.33, 46
336?	Visits Thessalonica	RIC 7.527, Thessalonica 203 (ADVENTUS AUG N)
336	Campaigns north of the Danube, and recovers part of the lost province of Dacia	Festus, Brev. 26; Julian, Caesares 329b–d; Table 8; RIC 7.221, Trier 578 (VICTOR OMNIUM GENTIUM)
336, July 25–337, Apr. 3	At Constantinople	Eusebius, Triac. 1–10, cf. VC 4.46; CTh 12.1.22 (Aug. 22); 3.1.2 (337, Feb. 4); Eusebius, VC 4.60.5 (Apr. 3)
337, Apr. or May	Visits Aquae and Helenopolis	Eusebius, VC 4.61.1
337, May 22	Dies at Ancyrona, a suburb of Nicomedia	Eusebius, VC 4.61.2, 64; Chr. Min. 1.235; Socrates, HE 1.39.2, 40.3; Festal Index 10; Chr. Pasch. 532

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